Types of Acne Scars

Acne affects most people, usually during their teenage years. Some types of acne are severe and take a long time to heal. They are called cysts and nodules and may leave scarring.

In this article, we explain the main types of acne scars, how they form, and how to treat them.

5 Types of Acne Scars

Types of acne scars differ depending on the type of acne that caused them and how they were treated. Popping and squeezing acne increases the chance of scars developing.

When acne scars are flat or in the form of depressions of varied sizes beneath the skin, they are called atrophic. They are categorized into icepick, rolling, and boxcar scars.

Raised lumps on the skin are either hypertrophic or keloid scars.

1. Icepick Acne Scars (Atrophic)

Icepick acne scars are small and deep-set, with rigid edges, and look like the skin was broken by an icepick – hence, the name. Icepick scars are usually the size of the acne that caused them. They appear on the cheeks and the jawline.

How Do Icepick Scars Develop?

Icepick scars form after very inflamed cystic or nodular acne damage the cellular walls deep in the dermal layers. If you don't treat severe acne properly, and if the body produces too little collagen to fight skin inflammation, an atrophic scar develops.

Icepick Scars Treatments

Icepick scars are the most severe type of acne scars. The treatment involves removing damaged skin, filling up the scar pit with collagen, and treating any discolored skin left by the scar. Skin discoloration is usually addressed separately during the second stage of the treatment.

The most effective treatments for icepick scars are as follows:

Chemical peels are cosmetic procedures that entail the use of chemicals to peel off damaged skin layers. TCA and CROSS techniques are the most effective chemical peels for icepick scars. They involve the use of different concentrations of Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) to destroy damaged skin layers and then fill up the depressed scar with collagen.
Fractional photothermolysis is a laser treatment that creates small wounds in dermal layers, stimulating the skin to produce collagen.
Punch excision is a surgical procedure that removes the scar by creating a punch that is slightly bigger than the acne scar. The linear closure that remains after the scar ideally fades with time.
Punch replacement grafting is like the punch excision procedure, except the icepick scar is replaced with a skin graft that heals at the skin’s surface level or is slightly elevated.
Microneedling is a method of puncturing the skin using a device with many tiny needles, stimulating collagen production in the process. The new collagen smooths out the scarred skin.

The most effective second-stage skin discoloration treatments are:

Chemical peels
Laser therapy
Microneedling

Note: Learn how microneedling for acne scars works and what to expect.

2. Rolling Acne Scars (Atrophic)

Rolling acne scars are a type of atrophic scars that have a wave-like texture on the skin. They are wider than icepick scars, usually with sloping edges. They appear on the cheeks or jawline.

How Do Rolling Scars Develop?

Rolling scars form as severe acne heal. Like icepick acne scars, they develop due to untimely acne treatment and loss of collagen. Picking at acne may also cause rolling scars.

Rolling Scars Treatments

Rolling scars may require several treatments. The most effective procedures for this type of treatment are as follows:

Microneedling
Fractional photothermolysis – A novel, non-ablative type of laser treatment where the laser produces microscopic thermal wounds without injuring surrounding tissue.
Laser resurfacing – A dermal heating method that creates tiny wounds in dermal layers, resulting in collagen and tissue remodeling.
Tissue augmentation techniques – Procedures that use soft-tissue fillers injected under scars. Dermal fillers are commonly used soft-tissue filler injectables for rolling scars.
Subcision – A surgical procedure where a needle is punctured into the skin to make small cuts and remove the scar from the connective tissue and make it level with the rest of the skin. After the subcision procedure, the patient usually requires a stage-two treatment for skin discoloration.

3. Boxcar Acne Scars (Atrophic)

Boxcar acne scars are shallow depressions with well-defined edges, often resembling a square or a box. They usually appear on the cheeks, jaw, and temples.

How Do Boxcar Scars Develop?

Boxcar scars are most commonly the result of untreated cystic or nodular acne. Like other atrophic acne scars, boxcar scars form when the body produces less collagen than needed to heal scars.

Boxcar Scar Treatments

The most effective boxcar scar treatments are:

TCA and CROSS technique chemical peels
Laser resurfacing
Fractional photothermolysis
Microneedling
Microdermabrasion – A procedure during which dead skin cells are removed using tiny crystals that sandpaper the top skin layer, stimulating collagen production.
Punch elevation – A surgical procedure where the bottom of the scar is removed and reattached to the scar sides to smooth the skin.

Note: Read our article microdermabrasion vs. microneedling to learn about their differences and similarities and how they may help with your acne scars.

4. Keloid Acne Scars

Keloid scars are red, lumpy scars on the surface of the skin. They usually appear on the jawline, chest, shoulders, neck, and back.

How Do Keloid Scars Develop?

Keloid scars appear when the body produces excess collagen in an attempt to heal an acne breakout. The overproduction of collagen causes thick tissue to grow on the skin, making the scar bigger than the acne. Darker-skinned people are more prone to keloid scars.

Keloid Scars Treatments

There are no fully effective treatments for keloid acne scars, but some procedures can reduce their size and minimize their appearance. The most common keloid scar treatments are as follows:

Steroid injections – Shots of a corticosteroid medicine injected into the scar tissue. Several injections are needed at four-to-six-week intervals.
Cryotherapy – A method of freezing the keloid scar to reduce its appearance. The treatment may be combined with steroid injections to make them more effective.
Laser therapy – Shrinks the keloid scar and is frequently combined with steroid injection treatments.

5. Hypertrophic Acne Scars

Hypertrophic acne scars are red or pink raised lumps on the skin that form after acne heals. Unlike keloid scars, they are the same size as acne and may grow smaller and fade with time.

How Do Hypertrophic Scars Develop?

Like keloid scars, hypertrophic acne scars form as the body overproduces collagen during the healing process.

Hypertrophic Scars Treatments

Hypertrophic scars are treated with:

Steroid injections
Laser therapy
Cryotherapy
Silicone gel sheeting – Silicon sheets are applied on the scar tissue for six to 12 months to reduce their size and soften them.

Note: If you are or know a teenager with acne problems, also check out our article on how to treat teenage acne.

Types of Acne Scars FAQ

If you still have concerns about different types of acne scars, take a look at the most frequently asked questions.

Can Acne Scars Heal 100%?

Acne scars are permanent and, in most cases, can’t heal completely. Minor scars may fade naturally with time, while deep and severe acne scars require more intense cosmetic treatments and medications. The effectiveness of the treatment depends on the severity of the acne scars and the treatment type.

In most cases, treatments such as laser therapy, microneedling, and steroid injections help fade or eliminate acne scars to the point that they are barely noticeable. The wrong therapy can worsen acne scars, so it is essential to find a reputable medical provider for the treatment.

What Acne Scar Is the Easiest to Treat?

Rolling atrophic scars are softer and more shallow than other scar types. Because of this, they generally respond well to treatments and are the easiest to treat.

What Acne Scars Are the Most Difficult to Treat?

Icepick atrophic acne scars may be the most difficult to treat because they are the deepest. The treatment typically requires a combination approach and more time to achieve results.

Conclusion

Seek timely, professional advice on how to treat different types of acne. If you don't treat severe acne properly, you may develop acne scars. Some scars fade away with time, but others are permanent. Luckily, different acne scar treatments are available. Their effectiveness depends on correctly identifying the type of acne scar.

Best Acne Scar Treatments

Most people suffer from acne as teenagers, and many go through the ugly experience again in adulthood. Delayed acne treatment, picking at acne, or inadequate collagen production may result in acne scarring.

There is no easy cure for acne scars. Certain topical solutions, cosmetic treatments, and surgery may reduce their appearance. Let’s review the best treatments for acne scars.

How to Get Rid of Acne Scars: Acne Scar Treatment

There are three main categories of acne scars.

Atrophic scars are flat or indented impressions on the skin. They are divided into icepick, rolling, and boxcar scars.

Hypertrophic and keloid scars are raised lumps on the skin’s surface. Hypertrophic scars are usually the same size or smaller than the preceding acne, and keloids are usually bigger.

Your acne scar type will determine the right acne scar treatment for you.

Topical Solutions for Acne Scars

Topical solutions are effective for less severe acne scar removal. Namely, it’s most frequently used for removing atrophic scars. Acne scar products usually contain some of the following ingredients:

Salicylic acid
Glycolic acid
Lactic acid
Retinoids

Salicylic, glycolic, and lactic are hydroxy acids that make the skin peel, gently removing the damaged top layer. They may brighten discolored and hyperpigmented skin that results from acne. Retinoids speed up cell turnover and may reduce the appearance of scars.

Some products to consider if you have blemish-prone skin are SkinMedica’s AHA/BHA Exfoliating Cleanser and iS Clinical Active Serum. They are suitable for all skin types. They even out skin tone and smooth blemishes. However, they may not help with more severe acne scars.

Chemical Peels

Chemical peels are cosmetic treatments that use chemical solutions to dissolve damaged skin layers and reveal new, fresher-looking skin. People with atrophic scars may see results from chemical peels after a few sessions.

Microneedling

Microneedling is a cosmetic treatment that uses a device with tiny needles to puncture the skin. The process triggers the body’s natural response to injury—a boost in collagen production. Collagen builds new skin, evens out skin tone and texture, and minimizes the appearance of atrophic scars.

Laser Therapy

Laser therapy uses heat to create tiny wounds on the skin and initiate the body’s defense against injury. The new collagen produced rebuilds the skin and remodels the tissue in deeper layers. Laser therapy is an effective treatment for keloids and hypertrophic scars.

Tissue Augmentation

Tissue augmentation is an injectable cosmetic treatment that uses soft-tissue fillers to plump up the scar tissue and even out skin with atrophic scars.

Dermal fillers made with hyaluronic acid, poly-L-lactic acid, or calcium hydroxylapatite are commonly used in these procedures.

The results are temporary, and patients need to repeat the treatment every 6 to 18 months, depending on the scar size, to keep the effects.

Vivace Face Rejuvenation Therapy

Vivace rejuvenation therapy reduces the appearance of acne scars.

Vivace is an innovative rejuvenation technology that uses a combination of microneedling, radiofrequency, and LED light. It boosts collagen and elastin production, rebuilds the skin, and reduces the appearance of scars.

Subcision

Subcision is a surgical procedure for atrophic scars. It uses a needle to disconnect the scar from the underlying tissue. The process causes the scarred area to move up and level with the rest of the skin. However, patients require additional cosmetic treatments to address discoloration after the surgery.

Cryotherapy

Cryotherapy is a cold therapy treatment for keloid and hypertrophic scars. It freezes the scar, reducing its size. It minimizes the appearance of scars but isn’t effective for acne scar removal. It may be combined with other treatments.

Corticosteroid Injections

Corticosteroid injections are used for keloid and hypertrophic scars. They are injected every four to six weeks to reduce the scar size. They improve the appearance of scarred skin but cannot fully eliminate the scars.

Sunscreen

Every skin needs protection from the sun’s damaging effects. Skin that is battling acne scars needs it even more. Whatever acne scar solution you choose, you need to apply sunscreen whenever you leave the house.

After hydroxy acids, retinoids, cosmetic treatments, and surgery, your skin is very sensitive. Exposure to the sun and other pollutants may negate the effects of the therapy and worsen your acne scar condition.

Products like Elta MD UV Clear and Alastin Hydratint Pro Mineral Sunscreen offer a high degree of protection against the sun and are suitable for all skin types, including skin that has undergone a cosmetic treatment.

Conclusion

It’s easy to feel hopeless when dealing with acne scars, but treatments exist. They may not fully eliminate the scars, but they can reduce their appearance. Talk to your dermatologist to determine your acne scar type and the best course of action for quick and effective results.

Types of Acne: Causes and Best Treatments

Few things make a teenager’s life more miserable than acne. However, many adults also experience this skin condition.

Acne cannot be permanently cured, but modern medicine can alleviate its symptoms. Additionally, there are many preventive measures that you can take to remove blemishes and minimize the risk of permanent acne scarring.

This article presents ten types of acne and explains how to recognize and treat each type based on the root cause.

Acne treatment depends on type of acne and what causes it.

10 Types of Acne

Acne differ in terms of severity, the underlying cause, and how they form. The basic distinction is between non-inflammatory and inflammatory acne.

Non-inflammatory acne don’t cause swelling and are easier to treat with over-the-counter (OTC) medications. Inflammatory acne is a form of skin inflammation that requires a dermatologist’s evaluation and prescription drugs.

Note: Read about types of acne scars, how they form, and how to treat them.

Non-Inflammatory Acne

Non-inflammatory acne, also called comedones, can be whiteheads and blackheads. Comedonal acne appear as small, flesh-colored pimples that do not cause any swelling, redness, or irritation.

This mild type of acne forms due to excess sebum (oil) in hair follicles. When dirt, sweat, and dead skin cells clog the pores, the skin’s surface breaks out in small bumps.

1. Blackheads

Blackheads (open comedones) are small bumps under the skin with a black top on the surface of the skin. They do not cause swelling or inflammation and are considered mild acne.

Blackheads form when dead skin cells and sebum mix and clog a pore, but its top remains open. The air enters the pore and oxidizes its content, making the acne look dark.

Excess sebum production is typical of hormonal fluctuations (e.g., during the teenage years or menopause). Certain medications may also cause skin irritation and more frequent breakouts.

Note: Learn what is the best acne treatment for teens to help you keep this condition under control.

Blackheads are mild, non-inflammatory type of acne.

How to treat blackheads?

Look for the non-comedogenic ingredients in skincare products. These products are typically lightweight, oil-free, and able to neutralize surface bacteria. A good example would be ZO Skin Health Acne Control.

Stay away from comedogenic ingredients, which are heavy, oily, and pore-clogging. They can cause excess sebum production and lead to more blackheads.

Never squeeze blackheads. Treat them with OTC skincare products that contain salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide. If blackheads do not go away after a few weeks, a doctor may prescribe topical retinoids.

Note: Learn how to get rid of oily skin and minimize future breakouts.

2. Whiteheads

Whiteheads (closed comedones) are small bumps under the skin. Unlike blackheads, they do not have a black top. They are considered mild acne and do not cause inflammation.

They form when dead skin cells and sebum mix and clog a pore. They appear due to excess oil production caused by hormones, oil-based skincare products, certain medications, and sometimes smoking.

Whiteheads are non-inflammatory type of acne beneath the skin.

How to treat whiteheads?

Whiteheads may be slightly more difficult to treat with OTC medications than blackheads because the pore’s top is closed.

Try skincare products (cleansers, toners, lotions) with salicylic acid to unclog the pores, or spot acne treatment products with benzoyl peroxide. If those do not work, use topical retinoids prescribed by your doctor.

Facial treatments are essential for keeping blackheads and whiteheads in check. Vibrant Skin Bar offers a scope of facials that can remove blemishes, prevent breakouts, and rejuvenate your skin.

Acne Eraser Facial

Inflammatory Acne

Inflammatory acne form when the dirt, sebum, and dead skin cells that clog the pores mix up with bacteria. The skin becomes inflamed, breaking out in red, swollen pimples.

In some cases, bacteria may cause an infection that manifests as painful, sore acne that are hard to eliminate. This type of acne is more severe and usually requires medical assistance. Your doctor may prescribe an oral or topical antibiotic to combat persistent inflammatory acne.

1. Papules

Papules are non-contagious, red, swollen, cone-shaped bumps on the skin. They differ in size and shape but are usually smaller than 5 millimeters. They are not filled with pus but can be tender to the touch.

They form when skin-residing bacteria, Propionibacterium acnes, enter a clogged pore, break the walls of the comedo, and cause inflammation of the surrounding area. The resulting red, swollen bump is an acne papule.

Papules are inflammatory, swollen bumps on the skin.

How to treat papules?

Papules sometimes respond to mild OTC treatments with salicylic acid, azelaic acid, or benzoyl peroxide. Doctors may also prescribe topical medications such as dapsone, retinoids, or antibiotics. More severe papules are treated with oral antibiotics or contraceptive drugs (for women).

2. Pustules

A pustule is a skin bump with white or yellow pus in the middle. It is either swollen and red or firm and white. The skin around the pustule is usually inflamed.

When white blood cells try to fight the bacteria in a papule, white or yellow pus forms on the pore’s surface, creating an acne pustule.

Pustules appear alone or in groups of more pustules and papules.

Pustules are inflammatory type of acne filled with pus.

How to treat pustules?

Depending on the severity of the condition, pustules are treated with OTC products or prescription drugs. When OTC products and topical retinoids don’t work, a doctor prescribes topical or oral antibiotics. They are often used with topical benzoyl peroxide to prevent antibiotic resistance.

Do not pop pustules because the pus may spread the infection further and cause more acne.

3. Nodules

Nodules are red or flesh-colored lumps underneath the skin that are often painful, hard, and inflamed. Nodular acne are bigger and more severe than comedones, papules, and pustules. They develop deeper underneath the skin and may leave permanent scars.

When dead skin cells, sebum, and bacteria mix and clog a pore, the infection causes the pore’s walls to break. Nodular acne forms if the infection reaches the skin’s deepest layers.

Hormones and genetics are the primary causes of acne nodules. Chronic stress and certain medications (e.g., corticosteroids) can worsen the condition.

Nodules are painful, inflamed type of acne under the skin.

How to treat nodules?

Nodular acne requires a visit to a dermatologist and intensive treatment. The doctor may prescribe topical retinoids, oral antibiotics with topical benzoyl peroxide, or isotretinoin, a powerful oral retinoid for severe acne. Women with nodular acne may be prescribed birth control pills.

4. Cysts

Acne cysts are red or white painful pus-filled lumps underneath the skin. These acne result from a severe infection and are the most likely to leave scars.

Like other inflammatory acne, cysts form when sebum, dead skin cells, and bacteria mix and clog a pore. When the pore breaks, the infection spreads deep into the skin resulting in an acne cyst. The cyst is filled with pus, unlike nodular acne.

Cysts are severe, inflammatory type of acne deep under the skin.

How to treat cystic acne?

Cysts require intensive treatment prescribed by a dermatologist. The treatment may include topical retinoids, oral antibiotics, oral retinoids, or birth control pills. In more severe cases, the treatment may require corticosteroid injections or surgical removal.

5. Acne Conglobata

Acne conglobata (AC) is a rare and severe form of nodulocystic acne that may develop on the face, back, chest, shoulders, thighs, and buttocks.

It forms when nodules, abscesses (pus-filled pockets), and cysts start connecting underneath the skin. These inflamed lumps can grow larger and spread deeper within your skin. They create disfiguring lesions and can turn into cysts with smelly pus.

How to treat acne conglobata?

AC requires aggressive treatment due to the degree of inflammation and potentially permanent scarring. They are not treatable with over-the-counter medication or topicals and require prompt medical help. Some doctors may run a biopsy test to rule out other skin conditions, such as carcinoma.

6. Acne Fulminans

Acne fulminans or acne maligna is a rare skin disorder that typically affects adolescent males. It develops abruptly and may be accompanied by an appetite loss, fluctuating fever, and painful joints.

It is a more severe case of acne conglobata and appears as painful, ulcerated nodular acne. It can develop bleeding crusts and cause severe scarring.

Acne fulminans is associated with increased androgens (male hormones), hypersensitivity to surface bacteria (Cutibacteria acnes), and genetic predisposition.

How to treat acne fulminans?

This clinical type of acne requires urgent medical assistance. Treatment may include corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin), dapsone, and ciclosporine, or oral antibiotics. Managing acne fulminans typically requires multiple treatment approaches that are prescribed for several months or longer.

7. Acne Mechanica

Acne mechanica develops due to rubbing, scratching or pressure on the skin. It can form on its own or grow out of pre-existing acne.

Acne mechanica is most likely to appear on body parts frequently exposed to friction, such as the face, neck, arms, legs, torso, and buttocks. The most common causes include clothes, sports gear, and accessories.

How to treat mechanical acne?

Wear comfortable, breathable clothing and choose gentle cosmetics to lessen skin irritation. Depending on the acne type and severity, you can include topical solutions with benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, and retinoids. Consult your dermatologist for optional antibiotic creams or acne medications.

Note: Products for sensitive skin can soothe compromised skin and alleviate some of the symptoms of irritation.

8. Hormonal Acne

Hormonal acne develop due to changes in hormonal status during puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause. This condition can affect men and women of all ages.

The skin flares up due to a hormonal imbalance that overstimulates sebaceous (oil) glands and clogs the pores. This usually happens when there is an increase in testosterone, and a decline in progesterone and estrogen.

Note: Learn what is a low estrogen level, what are the 14 common low estrogen symptoms and how to increase estrogen.

How to treat hormonal acne?

Over-the-counter topical treatments with azelaic acid, niacinamide, retinol, and benzoyl peroxide can alleviate mild to moderate hormonal breakouts. Your doctor may prescribe anti-androgen medication, antibiotics, birth control pills, or suggest a bioidentical hormone replacement therapy.

Get Female Bioidentical HRT

Conclusion

The effectiveness of an acne treatment depends on accurately diagnosing the acne type. Though you may recognize a type based on our description, you may not be able to evaluate its severity accurately. Moreover, it is possible to develop multiple types of acne simultaneously.

We strongly encourage you to consult your doctor before booking an acne treatment. If you have more questions, our skin experts at Vibrant Skin Bar will be happy to assist you.

Microneedling for Acne Scars: Does It Work?

Acne scars affect about one in five acne patients, causing them physical and emotional distress. Treatments range from skincare products, topicals, and oral drugs to minimally invasive cosmetic treatments and subcision (a form of surgery).

Microneedling is a popular acne scar treatment people resort to after other non-surgical options don’t show improvements.

The article discusses the procedure, expected results, aftercare tips, and cost.

Microneedling for acne scars can help reduce their appearance.

What Is Microneedling for Acne Scars?

Microneedling is a minimally invasive, FDA-approved treatment effective in reducing the appearance of acne scars.

Tiny, sterilized needles make small punctures to stimulate collagen production, resulting in a smooth, firm texture and an evened-out skin tone. This procedure is suitable for all skin types and provides lasting results.

Note: Microneedling can also help reduce stretch marks and hide dark under-eye circles.

How Does Microneedling for Acne Scars Work?

The procedure creates controlled micro-injuries to the skin’s surface that activate the body’s natural healing process and tissue regrowth by stimulating collagen and elastin production.

The new collagen repairs the damage by filling in skin lesions and breaking down old scar tissue, improving overall skin texture and tone.

What Type of Acne Scars Does Microneedling Reduce?

There are several acne types and they leave different types of acne scars.

Microneedling is effective for atrophic scars – flat or depressed blemishes that appear because of insufficient collagen. By boosting the production of this vital skin protein, microneedling helps reduce different types of atrophic scars, including the following:

Ice pick scars – Small, sharp indentations with a cone-like shape, common in the cheek area.
Boxcar scars – Broad, rounded, or square-shaped dents with sharp edges, commonly appearing on the lower cheeks, temples, and the jawline area.
Rolling scars – Broad, wavy skin texture with sloping edges and uneven appearance, common on the lower cheeks and jaw.

Hypertrophic and keloid acne scars develop because of excess collagen production. Microneedling is not recommended for treating these types of scars.

What Factors Influence the Effectiveness of Microneedling for Acne Scars?

The effectiveness of microneedling for atrophic acne scars depends on the following factors:

Scar severity
Number of treatments
Who performs the treatment (medical professional vs. at-home devices)
Skin sensitivity
Genetic predisposition to scarring

Note: Microdermabrasion and chemical peels can also help reduce acne scars. Learn the key differences between microdermabrasion vs. microneedling and microneedling vs. chemical peels.

How to Prepare for Acne Scars Microneedling?

Follow these guidelines to maximize the results and prevent an undesired outcome:

Limit alcohol intake for seven days before the procedure.
Avoid taking NSAIDs (e.g., aspirin, ibuprofen) for one week before the treatment.
Avoid excessive sun or heat exposure for 24 hours.
Cleanse the treatment area with gentle cosmetic products.
Drink plenty of water to reduce the healing time.

Microneedling for Acne Scars Procedure

The licensed provider will clean the treatment area and apply a topical numbing cream to minimize discomfort. While microneedling is not a painful procedure, it may be slightly uncomfortable.

A microneedling device rolls across the skin, penetrating the outer skin layer with fine needles and creating controlled micro-wounds that stimulate collagen production.

The procedure may take up to 30 minutes, depending on the size of the treatment area.

Note: Microneedling can be combined with PRP to treat acne scars and other skin issues more effectively. Learn more about microneedling with PRP.

Microneedling for Acne Scars Results

According to clinical studies, a reduction in scarring occurs several weeks after the first treatment. However, the final stage of scar remodeling may occur after a year.

How Many Sessions of Microneedling for Acne Scars Are Needed?

The severity of acne scars and the desired results determine the number of sessions. Three to six visits spaced four to six weeks apart can significantly reduce mild to moderate scars. Severe scars may require additional sessions at four-to-six-week intervals.

Is Microneedling Permanent for Acne Scars?

The results are typically permanent with proper maintenance care. They may take up to six months to fully show, but the scars do not return to the previous state.

Can Microneedling Make Acne Scars Worse?

Professional micro-needling treatments should not make acne scars worse. However, a worsening of acne scars is possible after an at-home microneedling session, and at-home microneedling devices are not recommended for the treatment of acne scars.

At-home devices cannot guarantee needle sterility or needle length. Many at-home devices drag skin during the treatment and can make puncture holes that tear the tissue. Overusing a micro-needling device or pressing too hard can damage skin and lead to more scarring.

Microneedling is also unsuitable for treating the skin with active acne as it can provoke irritation and breakouts by spreading acne bacteria to other body parts.

Note: Sofwave is a new, FDA-approved skin-tightening cosmetic procedure that uses fractional ultrasound energy to stimulate collagen, tighten the skin, and smooth acne scars.

Microneedling for Acne Scars Aftercare

Downtime is minimal, so you can quickly resume normal daily activities. You may experience some discomfort, such as redness, swelling, and a burning sensation.

The following aftercare tips can help prevent potential complications and maximize the results:

Do not apply makeup for 24 hours after the treatment.
Apply a post-treatment aftercare cream as directed by your licensed provider..
Avoid direct sun or heat exposure for 24 hours.
Avoid rigorous physical exercises for 24 hours.
Use sunscreen protection for at least two weeks after the treatment.
Avoid exfoliants, retinols, and vitamin C serums for at least 7 days.
Do not use skincare products with glycolic acid or alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) for 7-10 days post-treatment.
Use gentle, natural skincare products for 48 hours.

Additionally, your doctor may prescribe a topical antibiotic cream to avoid infection.

Microneedling for Acne Scars Side Effects

Side effects are minor and subside on their own after a few days or within two weeks.

The most common side effects include the following:

Redness
Swelling
Bruising
Inflammation
Soreness
Tightness
Skin flaking
Acne breakouts

Should Anyone Avoid Microneedling for Acne Scars

Microneedling is generally considered a safe treatment for people of good health. Medical experts do not recommend it if any of the following applies to you:

Pregnancy
Frequent breakouts
Active skin infections
Rosacea
Eczema
Psoriasis
Acne medications
Active acne
Skin radiation therapy

Your licensed provider will determine your eligibility before the procedure and recommend the number of sessions based on desired results, skin sensitivity, and scar severity.

How Much Does Microneedling for Acne Scars Cost?

The cost depends on your location, chosen medical spa, and the number of sessions.

Vibrant Skin Bar offers basic microneedling sessions that successfully fade post-acne scars.

Microneedling | $300

Our skin experts also recommend Vivace microneedling, a treatment that combines microneedling with LED therapy and radiofrequency to penetrate deeper skin layers and encourage more collagen production.

Vivace Face | $800

Buy Vivace Chest for $800

Vivace Pro | $1200

Conclusion

If you have flat or depressed atrophic acne scars and topicals are not helping, microneedling may be the solution for you. Clinicians report high patient satisfaction with the procedure because the treatment is quick, relatively painless, and provides permanent results.

Contact our staff for more information and professional inquiries.

What Causes Acne: Truths and Myths

Acne is a condition that causes bumps on or underneath the skin. It usually affects teenagers and adults during midlife hormonal changes. Acne can be inflammatory or non-inflammatory, mild or severe, and may leave permanent scars.

There is no cure for this skin condition, but many skincare products and cosmetic treatments effectively alleviate it. To choose adequate treatment, you need to know what causes acne.

What are acne and what are the common causes for acne to appear.

What Causes Acne?

Acne develops when dead skin cells and sebum (oil produced by glands in hair follicles) mix and clog the follicle (pore). This happens when the oil glands secrete excess sebum, usually due to hormonal changes in puberty, before menstruation, or in menopause.

If no bacteria are present in the pore, the acne is non-inflammatory (whiteheads and blackheads). If acne-causing bacteria that live on the skin enter the clogged pore, it causes inflammatory acne (papule, pustule, nodule, or cyst).

Note: Inflammatory acne is one of many forms of skin inflammation. Learn how to recognize and treat it effectively.

Acne affects most people, usually during their teenage years. Treating teenage acne can reduce the issues that may occur later. Some types of acne are severe and take a long time to heal and may create scars. We suggest learning about different types of acne scars and how to choose the best treatment for acne scars.

Clinical research shows that genetic factors are important contributors to acne formation. If your parents had pimples, you'll likely have them as well. However, other things may cause acne.

Things That Can Trigger or Worsen Acne

Medications, hormonal changes, diet, stress, and inappropriate cosmetics are potential risk factors for acne development.

Medication

Medications that may trigger acne are:

Corticosteroids
Anabolic steroids
Birth control pills
Thyroid hormones
Antibiotics tetracycline and streptomycin
Halogens
Lithium
Some anticancer drugs

These drugs may cause a sudden breakout of papules and pustules. Once you stop using them, the lesions should clear.

Hormonal Changes

Hormonal changes are the most common cause of acne. This includes the hormonal changes in puberty, changes in estrogen and progesterone levels during menstruation, and decreasing estrogen levels in menopause. These changes cause oil glands to produce excessive amounts of sebum.

Note: Check out our comprehensive guide about hormonal imbalance acne.

Diet

There is no clear scientific proof that any foods cause acne, though studies indicate a high-glycemic diet may aggravate the condition. High-glycemic foods may cause insulin resistance, potentially leading to excess sebum production and acne. Patients with breakouts may benefit from a low-glycemic diet that includes fruits and vegetables, healthy fats, and lean protein.

Stress

Stress doesn’t cause acne but may worsen the condition and prolong acne healing.

Inappropriate Cosmetics

Certain cosmetics contain comedogenic ingredients which may clog pores and cause non-inflammatory acne. There are over 100 comedogenic ingredients, including many types of oil (almond, avocado, coconut, corn, cottonseed, peanut, soy, and sesame). If you are prone to acne, it’s best to avoid oil-based cosmetics and look for skincare products with a "non-comedogenic" label.

Foods That Cause Acne: Truths and Myths

Though the link between diet and acne isn’t clear, studies show that some food types may exacerbate this skin condition.

There are many false claims about foods that cause acne. Let's demystify these claims and see which foods may trigger breakouts.

Different foods that may cause acne to appear.

Chocolate

There is no scientific proof that chocolate triggers acne. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many people develop acne a few days after eating chocolate. Scientists believe that milk chocolate has more comedogenic effects than dark chocolate because it contains more sugar and fewer antioxidants.

Fast Food

Foods high in saturated fat have a high glycemic index. They quickly raise insulin levels, disrupt hormonal activity, and increase sebum production. Avoid fast foods like burgers, pizza, and milkshakes if you are prone to acne.

Omega-6 Fats

Some studies show that Omega-6 fatty acids may cause inflammation and inflammatory acne. Foods that contain the highest amounts of Omega-6 fatty acids are sunflower oil, meat, poultry, eggs, nuts, and seeds. Limit your daily intake of Omega-6 rich foods.

Dairy

Numerous studies suggest acne can be caused and/or aggravated by regular dairy consumption. Dairy cows are treated with artificial hormones including growth hormone to increase their milk supply, and these hormones may alter your natural hormone production and possibly trigger outbreaks. Milk consumption also increases insulin levels stimulating a higher production of sebum, causing outbreaks.

Sugar

Sugar is a refined carbohydrate. It raises insulin levels and potentially increases sebum production. Several studies and surveys indicate a strong link between sugary foods and incidences of acne. A low-sugar diet may lead to fewer breakouts.

Refined Grains/Carbohydrates

Refined carbohydrate foods have a high glycemic index and cause an insulin spike that may trigger acne formation. These foods include:

Cereals
Chips
White pasta
White rice
White bread
Sugary snacks
Sodas

Whey Protein

Limited research shows whey protein may have a role in acne formation because it may raise insulin levels. More research is needed.

Coffee

No research indicates that coffee causes acne, but it may worsen the condition indirectly. The caffeine in coffee may increase levels of the stress hormone, cortisol. Stress may aggravate acne, so some people experience breakouts after drinking coffee. It is also best to avoid adding milk and sugar to your coffee, and to limit daily coffee consumption.

Eggs

There is no evidence that consuming eggs causes or aggravates acne. If you notice breakouts after eating eggs, it may be a reaction to hormones found in non-organic eggs.

Peanut Butter

There is no evidence that peanut butter or peanuts cause or worsen acne. However, if you consume large amounts of a peanut butter containing a high percentage of additional inflammatory ingredients, such as sugar and trans fats, you may experience breakouts.

Alcohol

Alcohol hasn’t been directly linked to acne formation, but excessive alcohol consumption disrupts hormonal balance and may increase sebum production, causing acne.

Sodas

Soft drinks and beverages with a high sugar content increase insulin levels causing hormonal fluctuations that may increase sebum production. Though the evidence is inconclusive, studies suggest that frequent soda consumption may lead to moderate and severe acne.

Gluten

There is no evidence that gluten causes or worsens acne. While a gluten-free diet may help with some other health issues, it doesn’t alleviate breakouts.

Conclusion

The main factors that cause acne, hormonal changes and genetic factors, make understanding the exact cause for acne challenging. Eliminating certain foods, medications and cosmetics may help speed up acne healing and reduce future breakouts.