The skin is our first line of defense against harmful environmental factors, but it is not invincible. The buildup of dirt, dead cells, and pollutants, combined with the damaging effects of sun exposure, causes the first signs of aging to appear as early as our 20s.

Over time, these effects not only dull the complexion but also accelerate the breakdown of collagen and elasticity. Fortunately, there is an effective and affordable solution – chemical peels.

This article explains how chemical peels work to transform aging and sun-damaged skin, revealing a smoother, brighter, and rejuvenated complexion.

What Is a Chemical Peel?

Chemical peel is a skin resurfacing treatment that involves the application of a chemical solution that causes controlled damage to the skin and exfoliates the top layer. The damaged skin gradually peels off and is replaced by new, smoother, and brighter skin.

Peels can minimize minor wrinkles, discoloration, and acne scars on the face, neck, back, and hands, but they can’t eliminate deep scars and wrinkles. Depending on skin concern, they vary in intensity and can be combined with other cosmetic treatments to enhance the results.

---

Note: See how chemical peels compare to microneedling and laser therapy.

---

Types of Chemical Peels

Chemical peel types differ based on the chemical solution used, how deeply they penetrate the skin, and the conditions they target. A qualified medical provider will recommend the most suitable peel based on your specific skin concerns, skin type, and goals.

1. Light (Superficial) Chemical Peels

Light chemical peels use mild exfoliating agents in low concentrations, typically alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs), or beta hydroxy acids (BHAs), which penetrate the skin’s top layer.

They are used for:

• Skin discoloration
• Uneven skin texture
• Dryness
• Fine lines and wrinkles
• Mild inflammatory acne
• Blackheads and whiteheads

For full results, patients usually need four to six treatments. There is little to no downtime after light peels, and they are suitable for all skin types, including dry and sensitive skin.

2. Medium Chemical Peels

Medium chemical peels use trichloroacetic acid (TCA), glycolic acid, and Jessner’s solution (a combination of salicylic acid, lactic acid, and resorcinol) to penetrate the top and middle layers of the skin.

They are effective for:

• Dead skin cell removal
• Fine lines and wrinkles
• Age spots
• Skin discoloration
• Mild to moderate acne
• Mild to moderate acne scars

Patients need downtime after medium chemical peels and usually recover within one week. You can maximize the results with a series of up to three treatments.

3. Deep Chemical Peels

Deep chemical peels use high concentrations of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or blends containing phenol (carbolic acid) and croton oil, which deeply penetrate the middle skin layers.

They are effective for:

• Dead skin cell removal
• Deeper wrinkles
• Dark spots
• Skin discoloration
• Photodamage (e.g., liver spots)
• Acne scars
• Xanthelasma (yellow plaques near the eyelids)
• Precancerous growths (actinic keratosis)

The patient is given a sedative, local anesthetic, or in rare cases, general anesthesia.

This peel provides the most dramatic results after just one session but requires two to three weeks of recovery and up to two months of pre-treatment preparation.

Who Is a Good Candidate for a Chemical Peel?

Chemical peels are safe for all skin types, but the strength of the chemical solution and the type of peel depend on the skin’s condition, skin issue, and the desired outcome.

Fair-skinned, light-haired people usually respond better to the treatment, while darker-skinned individuals carry a higher risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, and should avoid deeper, phenol-based peels.

Eligible candidates can treat the following conditions:

• Premature aging signs
• Sun damage
• Uneven skin texture
• Skin discoloration
• Dull complexion
• Dry skin
• Age spots
• Fine wrinkles
• Some types of acne
• Acne scarring
• Actinic keratosis
• Melasma

Which Age Is Best for a Chemical Peel?

People of all ages can benefit from the treatment in the following ways:

• Twenties – Peels alleviate acne, clogged pores, acne scars, freckles, and uneven texture, while also slowing the appearance of premature aging.
• Thirties and forties  – The treatment reduces or eliminates early aging signs, including dullness, fine lines, and sun damage. As collagen production declines, peels help restore cell turnover and maintain a youthful appearance.
• Mature skin – Peels are highly effective in addressing perimenopausal skin changes such as loss of elasticity, dryness, and sagging. With age, additional concerns may appear, including age spots (liver spots), crepey texture, creases, folds, and deeper wrinkles.

Chemical Peel Benefits

Chemical peels are a versatile treatment with a host of skin benefits, including these:

• Acne relief – Peels help unclog pores, control sebum (oil) production and reduce breakouts by targeting bacteria in the pores.
• Reduction of acne scars– The treatment improves mild acne scars and fades post-acne marks, softening texture and evening out tone.
• Improved skin tone – Peels fade sunspots, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma, blotchiness, freckles, and uneven skin tone.
• Cell turnover – The treatment enhances skin cell turnover and stimulates new epidermal growth and collagen production.
• Exfoliation and improved texture – Peels remove dirt, impurities, and dead skin cells, revealing a smoother, brighter complexion.
• Rejuvenation – The procedure reduces fine lines, creases, crepey texture, and minor wrinkles.
• Radiance boost – Peels revive dull skin, leaving it refreshed, luminous, and glowing for days after treatment.

How to Prepare for a Chemical Peel Treatment?

Preparing for a chemical peel determines the treatment’s safety and effectiveness. Your medical provider will instruct you on what to do for the best results.

Preparation may involve some of the following:

• Taking antiviral medication for one week before the treatment to prevent cold sore flare-ups.
• Pausing with antibiotics, photosensitizing drugs, and acne medication (like isotretinoin) as they may interfere with recovery.
• Avoiding retinol or retinoid topicals for 3-7 days prior to the treatment.
• Using hydroquinone or other pigment inhibitors for several days before the treatment to reduce the risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
• Avoiding direct sun exposure, tanning beds, and saunas for several weeks.
• Avoiding certain cosmetic treatments, such as hair removal, facial masks, dermaplaning, microdermabrasion, and laser resurfacing.

What Can You Expect During a Chemical Peel?

A chemical peel begins with a consultation with your medical provider, who determines the most suitable type of peel based on your skin concerns, desired results, and budget.

These are the typical steps during the procedure:

1. Cleansing – The provider thoroughly cleans your skin to remove dirt, oil, and makeup.
2. Application of the peel – The chemical solution is carefully applied to the treatment area using gauze, a cotton ball, a brush, or a specialized applicator.
3. Reaction time – The solution is left on the skin for several minutes to allow it to exfoliate and stimulate cell turnover. You may feel mild tingling, warmth, or slight stinging during this stage.
4. Neutralization and removal – After the recommended time, the provider neutralizes or removes the peel with water, a saline compress, or a neutralizing solution to stop the chemical action.
5. Post-treatment care – Your provider may apply soothing creams, moisturizers, or sunscreen to protect the freshly treated skin.

The entire procedure typically takes 15 to 60 minutes, depending on the peel type and treatment area. Deeper peels may require additional preparation or anesthesia and longer recovery.

Is a Chemical Peel Painful?

Chemical peels are not painful because providers use gentle ingredients or, in the case of stronger peels, numbing agents. You may feel a mild to moderate stinging, tingling, or burning sensation.

The treatment’s intensity depends on the type of chemical peel.

• Light peels use gentle chemical solutions and do not require any sedation or anesthesia.
• Some medium peel patients need a numbing cream, depending on their pain threshold.
• Deep chemical peels require sedation and local or general anesthesia before the treatment. Doctors typically prescribe painkillers after the treatment.

Chemical Peel Results

Results depend on the peel type and the condition treated. You can expect improved skin tone and texture, and reduced fine lines, pigmentation, and mild scarring.

Superficial peels enhance skin tone and texture almost instantly, revealing smoother, brighter skin after a few days. Most dermatologists recommend regular touch-ups to prolong and maximize the results.

Medium and deep peels take one to two weeks to show full results. With stronger peels, the results are longer-lasting, but there are no maintenance sessions.

How Long Does the Skin Shed After a Chemical Peel Treatment?

Light peels may cause slight skin flaking for two or three days, but many patients do not experience any peeling at all. The skin may appear slightly dry or dull before revealing a brighter, smoother layer.

With medium peels, the skin starts shedding after three to five days and may continue peeling for seven to ten days.

Deep peels cause more dramatic side effects, including peeling that lasts up to two weeks.

While you cannot completely avoid peeling, you can minimize it by moisturizing the skin and using cold compresses and soothing skincare products recommended by your provider.

How Long Do Chemical Peel Results Last?

Light chemical peels provide subtle results that last for about one month and require repeated treatments.

Medium chemical peels leave more visible results for about six months after a series of treatments.

Deep chemical peels involve one treatment and provide dramatic effects that may last for years.

Chemical Peel Side Effects

Depending on the type of chemical peel, you may experience the following side effects:

• Redness
• Swelling
• Stinging
• Burning
• Tingling
• Skin flaking
• Skin irritation
• Itchiness
• Peeling
• Blisters and crusting
• Dryness
• Discomfort
• Temporary discoloration

Light chemical peels cause minimal side effects, while redness from deep chemical peels may last for three months.

More severe risks of chemical peel treatments include:

• Prolonged redness and swelling
• Scarring
• Permanent skin texture changes
• Bacterial, viral, or fungal infection
• Reactivation of cold sores
• Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation
• Allergic reactions to the peeling solution
• Heart, kidney, or liver damage from deep chemical peels

Chemical Peel Aftercare

Following the aftercare guidelines provided by your medical provider can speed up the recovery and enhance the results. Different chemical peel types require a different aftercare regimen.

The following general tips apply to all chemical peels:

• Avoid direct sun exposure and other heat sources.
• Refrain from strenuous physical activity.
• Apply cold compresses and wash your skin with lukewarm water.
• Take pain relief medication (e.g., ibuprofen) as directed.
• Use a mineral-based, broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30+.
• Apply ointment prescribed by your medical provider.
• Avoid picking, rubbing, and scratching your skin.
• Use gentle, microbiome-friendly skincare products.
• Avoid other cosmetic treatments, including Botox, fillers, microneedling, dermaplaning, and laser resurfacing.

Should Anyone Avoid Chemical Peels?

People with the following conditions should avoid chemical peels:

• Severe atopic dermatitis (i.e., eczema)
• Skin allergies
• A history of keloid (hypertrophic) scarring
• A history of severe outbreaks of cold sores
• A history of skin discoloration
• Cystic or nodular acne
• Active skin infections or open lesions
• Pregnancy
• Breastfeeding
• Taking oral birth control
• Taking certain acne medications (e.g., isotretinoin)

Consult a board-certified dermatologist who specializes in chemical peels to determine the best course of action and discuss your eligibility for the procedure. You may need a particular pre-treatment regiment to reduce the risk of skin damage.

How Much Do Chemical Peels Cost?

Prices may vary depending on the provider’s expertise, the type of peel, the time and effort required, and the clinic’s location. Deep peels may cost up to a few thousand dollars because they require anesthesia and carry more risk.

At Vibrant Skin, we offer the following peel treatments:

• Light peel | $99
• Medium peel | $125
• Revita-Pen Infusion | $199
• BioRePeel | $349

---

Note: Discover the numerous benefits of the RevitaPen treatment.  

---

Chemical Peel: Frequently Asked Questions

Let us explore answers to the most frequently asked questions about this treatment.

Do You Look Younger After a Chemical Peel?

Yes, chemical peels have a powerful rejuvenating effect, leaving the skin radiant, smooth, and younger-looking for days.

Medium and deep chemical peels deliver more dramatic anti-aging results by fading discoloration, improving texture, and restoring a fresh, luminous complexion.

Can I Do My Own Chemical Peel?

Light chemical peels can be performed at home safely to treat minor skin concerns. You can use over-the-counter products with gentle exfoliating acids, such as:

• Mandelic acid
• Glycolic acid
• Lactic acid
• Salicylic acid
• Fruit enzymes

When used moderately and as directed, these acids gradually improve skin texture and brighten the complexion.

Never attempt to perform medium or deep chemical peels by yourself as they require professional application from a licensed aesthetician. If done at home, they can cause skin damage, prolonged irritation, burns, and scarring.

How Often Can I Have a Chemical Peel?

The frequency depends on your skin type, sensitivity, goals, and the peel’s strength. These are some general guidelines:

• Light peels – Every two to five weeks.
• Medium peels – Every three to six months.
• Deep peels – Once a twice in a lifetime.

Consult your dermatologist about potential benefits and risks involved with regular maintenance sessions. They will help you decide which type to choose and how often to perform it based on your skin condition and aesthetic concerns.

How to Choose a Chemical Peel?

Before scheduling an appointment, discuss the following factors with your provider:

• Skin concerns – Light peels target minor skin issues like dullness or uneven texture. Medium and deep peels tackle moderate to severe skin problems, like wrinkles, acne scars, melasma, and sun damage.
• Skin type – Stronger peels are not suitable for sensitive, dry, or acne-prone skin types, as they can trigger inflammation or flare-ups. Mature skin with deep wrinkles or sun damage can benefit more from medium to deep peels.
• Treatment goals – The choice depends on whether you want subtle, short-term refreshment or more dramatic, long-lasting results. A series of light peels can also deliver significant improvement but require ongoing maintenance.
• Downtime tolerance – Superficial peels involve little to no downtime, while medium and deep peels require recovery and aftercare.

Conclusion

Patients love chemical peels, especially the less invasive light and medium options, because they deliver impressive results with minimal risk and no needles. When performed by a licensed professional, peels can give you youthful, glowing skin and a smoother complexion that last for days or months.

Chemical peels are the most popular cosmetic procedures after Botox and dermal fillers. They are anti-aging, skin resurfacing treatments that provide a range of benefits, including smoothed wrinkles, brighter skin tone, improved skin texture, and reduced scars and blemishes.

This article breaks down the three main chemical peel types and provides information on the most common chemical peel acid solutions. Knowing how chemical peels work will help you determine which type is suitable for you.

Types of Chemical Peels

Chemical peels vary in strength and how deeply they penetrate the skin. The following factors determine the potency of the chemical peel:

• pH level – The acidity of the peel solution. A lower pH means a stronger, more acidic peel with deeper penetration. For instance, a 20% glycolic acid peel with a low pH will be stronger and penetrate deeper than a 30% glycolic acid peel with a higher pH.
• Percentage of chemical acids – The concentration of the active peeling agent. Generally, a higher concentration indicates a stronger peel, penetrating deeper into the skin. However, a lower-concentration peel with a very low pH can still be quite potent.
• Molecular size – Determines how easily the acid molecules penetrate the skin barrier. Acids with smaller molecules (like glycolic acid) penetrate deeper and faster, making them suitable for addressing issues such as wrinkles and texture concerns. Larger molecules (like lactic acid) penetrate more slowly and are often preferred for sensitive skin.

The patient’s medical provider creates a customized chemical peel plan based on their skin type, skin concern, and aesthetic goals.

Light Chemical Peels

Light chemical peels are superficial peels that exfoliate the uppermost skin layers (epidermis) and speed up skin cell turnover to improve various skin concerns.

How Does a Light Chemical Peel Work?

Light peels are the gentlest type of chemical peels. They contain low concentrations of mild acids that break down the cells on the skin’s surface and exfoliate the outermost skin layer. The treatment stimulates the body’s natural healing mechanism, increasing collagen production and prompting the growth of healthy, new skin.

A series of four to six treatments is typically required for effective results.

Light Chemical Peel Formulation

Light chemical peels usually contain alpha hydroxy acids (AHA) and/or beta hydroxy acids (BHA). They are typically formulated with large-molecule acids, like lactic acid, or lower concentrations of smaller-molecule acids, such as glycolic acid.

Glycolic acid is an excellent exfoliator because it consists of small molecules that deeply penetrate skin layers without causing irritation. The exfoliation stimulates collagen and elastin production, resulting in a smoother, younger-looking complexion with less visible imperfections.

Light Chemical Peel Benefits

Light peels provide the following benefits:

• Improved skin cell turnover
• Improved skin texture
• Reduced fine lines
• Decreased discoloration
• Brighter complexion

Light Chemical Peel Side Effects

The treatment doesn’t require any recovery time because the acids are used in low concentrations. Patients may experience slight redness and swelling that disappear within seven days.

Light Chemical Peel Aftercare

Medical providers advise patients to follow these aftercare tips to ensure the best results.

• Avoid extended exposure to the sun and other sources of heat.
• Avoid strenuous exercise for 24 hours.
• Don’t rub or scratch the treated area.
• Moisturize the treated area with a gentle moisturizer.
• Avoid harsh skincare products.

Ideal Candidate for Light Chemical Peel

The ideal candidate for light chemical peels has mild skin concerns that the treatment can improve, such as post-inflammatory dark spots, fine lines, and tired, dull skin. The treatment is generally safe for all skin types and tones, including sensitive and darker skin.

---

Note: Check out our list of products for sensitive skin.

---

Light Chemical Peel Cost

Light chemical peels at Vibrant Skin Bar cost $99. The total treatment cost depends on the number of required sessions for the patient’s unique skin concern.

Medium Chemical Peels

Medium chemical peels penetrate through epidermis into the upper dermal layers. They are more invasive than light peels and achieve more significant results.

How Does a Medium Chemical Peel Work?

Like light peels, medium chemical peels exfoliate dead skin cells, oil buildup, and dirt, and stimulate collagen production. They penetrate deeper than light peels, addressing more severe skin damage, including moderate acne scars.

Patients typically need at least 1-3 sessions to see results.

---

Note: Learn about different types of acne scars and find out what is the best chemical peel for acne scars.

---

Medium Chemical Peel Formulation

Medium chemical peels often use a combination of different acids to achieve the desired penetration. They are usually made up of different concentrations of trichloracetic acid (TCA), glycolic acid, or Jessner’s solution (a combination of salicylic acid, lactic acid, and resorcinol).

Medium peels have a lower pH, allowing for deeper penetration than a light peel.

Medium Chemical Peel Benefits

Depending on the medium peel’s acid concentration, it can effectively treat the following skin issues:

• Acne
• Mild and moderate acne scars
• Deep wrinkles
• Excess sebum production
• Hyperpigmentation
• Uneven skin

Medium Chemical Peel Side Effects

Medium peels are more invasive than light peels and can cause more severe skin reactions, including:

• Stinging
• Burning
• Redness
• Swelling
• Dryness
• Skin peeling
• Crusting

Most side effects after medium peels go away within two weeks, but redness may last for months.

---

Note: For patients with darker skin, the risk of temporary or permanent hyperpigmentation is higher, especially with medium and deep peels. To mitigate this, a provider might use a combination of low-strength peels or recommend specific skin care to control pigment production.

---

Medium Chemical Peel Aftercare

Medium chemical peels require extended aftercare compared to light peels due to deeper product penetration and more time needed for recovery. Patients may need to avoid the sun, harsh skincare products and treatments, and makeup for weeks. The provider may recommend antiviral medication and specific soothing skincare products.

Ideal Candidate for Medium Peels

Medium chemical peels are suitable for patients with acne, mild to moderate acne scars, oily skin, wrinkles, dark spots, and other signs of sun damage. Patients with uneven skin tone and texture experience significantly smoother skin after the treatment.

Medium Chemical Peel Cost

Medium peels at Vibrant Skin Bar cost $125. The total treatment cost depends on the patient’s skin concern and the number of required sessions.

Deep Chemical Peels

Deep chemical peels penetrate all skin layers and dramatically transform the skin. They are more invasive than light and medium peels and require medical supervision.

How Does a Deep Chemical Peel Work?

Deep peels use aggressive chemicals to penetrate the reticular dermis, boost collagen production, and treat severe skin damage. The treatment requires sedation and local anesthesia and recovery time may extend to several months. One treatment is enough to provide results that last for years.

Deep Chemical Peel Formulation

Deep peels use the highest concentration of the strongest, most aggressive chemicals, such as carbolic (phenol) acid, a combination of phenol and resorcinol or salicylic acid, or TCA exceeding 50%. Deep peels have very low pH, making them extremely acidic and able to cause significant, controlled tissue injury.

Deep Chemical Peel Benefits

Deep peels provide visible anti-aging effects and treat severe skin concerns, including the following:

• Severe atrophic scars
• Deep wrinkles
• Age spots
• Melasma
• Loss of skin elasticity
• Spider veins

The results last for years with only one treatment.

Deep Chemical Peel Side Effects

Common reactions to deep peels include:

• A burning sensation
• Redness
• Swelling
• Peeling
• Blistering

Rare, more severe side effects include:

• Permanent scarring
• Permanent pigmentation changes
• Inability to tan normally
• Infection
• Organ (heart, liver, kidney) damage from phenol toxicity

Deep peels can also damage the structural integrity of the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ), which is vital for skin strength and elasticity. Damage to this junction can lead to long-term issues such as increased susceptibility to skin laxity and accelerated aging.

Skin experts often recommend laser resurfacing instead of deep chemical peels due to the intensity of the treatment and possible side effects.

Deep Chemical Peel Aftercare

Recovery time after deep peels may extend to several months. Besides avoiding the sun, strenuous exercise, and harsh skincare products, deep peel aftercare also includes:

• Taking antiviral medications
• Wearing bandages
• Applying heavy-duty ointment to the treated area

Ideal Candidate for Deep Peels

People with deep wrinkles, significant sun damage, atrophic scars, and blotchy, rough skin can benefit from deep peels. Because the treatment is so intense, the medical provider needs to carefully examine the patient and determine if the treatment is suitable for them.

Deep Chemical Peel Cost

Deep peels may cost several thousand dollars because they carry more risk than light and medium peels and include the additional costs of anesthesia, prescription medication, and facility costs.

Which Chemical Peel Should You Choose?

There is no universal best chemical peel. Each patient requires a different approach, depending on their skin type and concern.

For example, patients with darker skin tones should avoid phenol peels because they may permanently lighten their skin. These patients are more likely to benefit from medium peels with weaker TCA concentrations, medium peels with glycolic acid, or superficial peels with mandelic acid.

Patients with acne-prone skin are often treated with light BHA peels, while patients with deep acne scars may only need spot treatment with TCA.

The following table summarizes the key advantages and disadvantages of each chemical peel type.

	Pros	Cons
Light Peels	Minimally invasive. No downtime. Safe for all skin types, including sensitive and dark skin.	Address mild skin concerns, like dull skin and fine lines.
Medium Peels	Address more severe skin concerns, including acne scars and wrinkles.	Longer downtime and higher risk of pigment changes than after light peels.
Deep Peels	Provide dramatic rejuvenation effects comparable to those of surgery. The results last for years.	Long recovery and higher risk of severe side effects. Not suitable for dark skin tones. Much more expensive than light and medium peels.

The best way to determine the right chemical peel for your skin is to consult an experienced skin professional with a medical degree. This will ensure the maximum safety and effectiveness of the procedure.

Vibrant Skin Bar skin experts offer professional light chemical peels to resurface a brighter, glowing complexion without downtime.

Our medium peels are designed for patients who want to see more dramatic anti-aging effects on their skin tone and texture.

Regardless of the type of peel you choose, it is essential to use sunscreen post-treatment to avoid damaging the sensitive, newly resurfaced skin.

Chemical Peel Types FAQ

Many chemical peel patients want to know more about chemical peel types and their frequently asked questions include the following.

What Is the Most Effective Chemical Peel?

The effectiveness of a chemical peel depends on the patient’s unique skin concern, skin type, and their goal. While deep peels can provide the most impressive results, they may also cause permanent damage to sensitive skin or darker skin tones. The most effective chemical peel is customized by an experienced medical provider for a particular patient.

What Is the Most Aggressive Chemical Peel?

Deep peels are the most aggressive. They typically contain a high concentration of phenol acid, which penetrates the deepest skin layers.

What Chemical Peel Has the Most Downtime?

Deep peel requires the longest recovery (downtime) period because it causes redness, swelling, peeling, and discomfort that last for weeks or months.

Conclusion

Chemical peels are among the most versatile cosmetic treatments, providing a wide range of skin benefits – from a reduction in wrinkles and age spots to youthful, glowing skin.

To achieve your desired look, make sure you find a reputable, board-certified medical provider who will create a customized chemical peel for your particular skin concern.

A chemical peel is a skin resurfacing treatment that removes the skin’s top layer with chemical solutions and stimulates the body to grow rejuvenated skin.

Chemical peels are effective for acne scars because they stimulate collagen production and fill and even out scar tissue. The new skin is smoother and brighter, with fewer visible imperfections.

This article explores the best professional chemical peels for acne scars, gives recommendations for chemical peels for home use, and helps you choose the best treatment for your skin.

Which Chemical Peel Is the Best for Acne Scarring?

Professional chemical peels performed by an experienced medical provider can significantly reduce and, in some cases, eliminate acne scarring. The American Academy of Dermatology recognizes three major types of chemical peels: light or superficial, medium, and deep peels. Their strength and depth of penetration is based on their pH level, concentration of the active peeling agent, and the chemicals’ molecular size.

The treatment’s effectiveness for acne scars depends on the chemical peel type, the patient’s skin type, and the severity of scarring. Chemical peels are typically used for atrophic scars and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation that often follows acne breakouts. They are not suitable for keloid and hypertrophic scars.

The following table presents the best chemical peels for different types of acne scars.

Type of Acne Scars	Type of Peel	Chemical Solutions
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and mild atrophic scars	Light (superficial) peels	AHAs and BHAs
Mild and moderate atrophic scars	Medium peels	TCA Glycolic acid Jessner’s solution
Deep atrophic scars	Deep peels	Carbolic acid (phenol)

Light Peels

These peels are superficial, targeting only the epidermis or the outermost layer of the skin.

• pH – Their pH is higher, closer to 3.0 or above, making them less acidic.
• Concentration – They usually contain lower concentrations of milder acids.
• Molecular size – They often use larger-molecule acids like lactic acid or lower-concentration acids with smaller molecules, like glycolic acid.

AHAs in light peels include:

• Glycolic acid
• Lactic acid
• Mandelic acid
• Malic acid
• Tartaric acid

The most commonly used BHA in skin care is salicylic acid.

Light peels improve skin cell turnover and brighten the skin, reducing the appearance of mild acne scarring and post-inflammatory dark spots. Patients need a series of four to six treatments to see results.

Medium Peels

Medium peels penetrate the epidermis and reach the upper layer of the dermis, where they can address more significant skin issues and scars.

• pH – Lower pH, allowing for deeper penetration than a light peel.
• Concentration – A higher concentration of chemical solutions to penetrate deeper skin layers and stimulate collagen production. This helps fill atrophic scars and even out the skin’s surface.
• Molecular size – They often use a combination of different acids to achieve the desired depth, such as smaller-molecule glycolic acid along with TCA.

Common ingredients in medium peels include trichloroacetic acid (TCA), 60% glycolic acid, and Jessner’s solution (a combination of salicylic acid, lactic acid, and resorcinol).

Patients need at least 1-3 treatments to see results. The number of treatments depends on the severity of acne scarring.

Deep Peels

Deep peels penetrate into the midreticular dermis to treat severe skin damage and scars. They are the most invasive type of peel and require medical supervision.

• pH – Very low pH, making deep peels sufficiently acidic to cause a significant, controlled tissue injury.
• Concentration – The highest concentration of the most aggressive chemicals (e.g., a TCA concentration exceeding 50%).
• Molecular size – Deep peels use the strongest chemical agents to penetrate the deepest skin layers.

Phenol is the main peeling agent in deep peels. Sometimes, skincare professionals combine phenol with resorcinol or salicylic acid.

Deep peels visibly improve acne scarring, but they may not eliminate severe scars. The treatment requires sedation and weeks of downtime. Some experts recommend laser resurfacing instead, to avoid the long recovery period.

Key Ingredients in Professional Chemical Peels for Acne Scars

Professional chemical peels are stronger and more effective than at-home chemical solutions. They contain higher concentrations of active ingredients achieve more dramatic results. Professional peels can be very effective for acne scars, but they carry certain risks. It’s best to schedule a consultation with a licensed chemical peel provider. They will examine your skin and recommend a chemical peel which corresponds to your skin and acne scar type.

Mandelic Acid

Mandelic acid is an alpha-hydroxy acid commonly used for professional chemical peels. It is composed of large molecules that take time to penetrate the skin and rarely cause irritation. It is also less likely to cause discoloration and all skin types, including darker complexions, tolerate it well. Mandelic acid is often used in combination with salicylic acid.

Glycolic Acid (GA)

Glycolic acid is an effective exfoliating agent. It is another alpha-hydroxy acid but stronger than mandelic acid. It is commonly used in light and medium chemical peels. It stimulates collagen production and thickens the epidermis, helping to smooth atrophic scars. It also blocks melanin synthesis, reducing hyperpigmentation.

Glycolic acid is among the safer, less irritating chemical solutions. It is suitable for all skin types.

Lactic Acid (LA)

Lactic acid is among the mildest AHAs used to treat hyperpigmentation and acne scars. It is safe for dry and sensitive skin because it only penetrates the uppermost layer and doesn’t cause irritation. It is used alone or in combination with other chemical solutions for stronger effects.

Salicylic Acid (SA)

Salicylic acid is a beta-hydroxy acid commonly used in acne treatments to prevent pore clogging and fight acne-causing bacteria. It also effectively treats acne scars because it stimulates collagen production, which improves skin texture and reduces post-inflammatory scarring.

Salicylic acid is gentle and typically used for mild acne scars. Since it effectively reduces sebum and unclogs pores, skin experts usually recommend it for oily skin.

Azelaic Acid

Azelaic acid is neither an AHA nor a BHA, but a dicarboxylic acid. It has potent exfoliating, skin brightening, and anti-inflammatory properties. It can be combined with AHAs and salicylic acid to relieve post-acne redness and reduce the appearance of acne scars.

Kojic Acid

Kojic acid is a skin-lightening agent derived from fungi. It inhibits excess melanin production, which can occur in damaged skin, causing dark spots. Skin professionals often combine kojic acid with AHAs or BHAs in chemical peels for acne scars to improve skin tone.

Trichloroacetic Acid (TCA)

Trichloroacetic acid is a powerful chemical solution commonly used in medium and deep chemical peels. It penetrates the epidermal and dermal layers, destroys dead skin cells, and increases collagen and elastin production in the dermis.

It can also be used as a spot treatment for deeper scars. The chemical peel provider applies TCA in the center of the deep scar to reconstruct the scar tissue but doesn’t use the acid on the rest of the face.

Patients require recovery time of up to two weeks after having a TCA chemical peel treatment.

Jessner’s Solution (JS)

Jessner’s solution is a mix of lactic acid, salicylic acid, and resorcinol. It is used as a light or medium peeling agent to improve pigmentation, skin texture, and treat acne and acne scars. It is commonly used for oily skin as it can be too aggressive for dry and sensitive skin.

Carbolic Acid (Phenol)

Phenol is used for deep chemical peels. It is more aggressive and penetrates deeper than other solutions, requiring sedation and local or general anesthesia.

Phenol poses the greatest health risk and requires long recovery but provides the most effective results for pitted acne scars. It is suitable for patients with fair skin who want to see dramatic results with one session.

Are At-Home Chemical Peels Effective for Acne Scars?

Chemical peels sold for home use typically contain smaller concentrations of acids. At-home peels don’t contain phenol because it is very aggressive and requires sedation and local or general anesthesia.

At-home chemical exfoliation products provide numerous benefits, such as removal of dirt and dead skin, unclogging of pores, and clearer skin tone. They are too gentle to eliminate acne scars fully but help reduce their appearance and aid in acne prevention.

Vibrant Skin Bar experts recommend the regular use of gentle AHA and BHA exfoliation and cleansing solutions to prevent acne and acne scars. These are some of their picks.  

AHA/BHA Exfoliating Cleanser

SkinMedica’s AHA/BHA Cream contains natural exfoliating agents, including lactic, glycolic, malic, and salicylic. They gently dissolve dead skin cells, dirt, and other impurities on the skin’s surface, helping to unclog pores, brighten the skin, and improve scar tissue.

Apply in the morning and evening and use sunscreen after the morning routine.

ZO Skin Health Enzymatic Peel

This enzymatic peel is formulated with gentle AHAs and fruit enzymes that gently peel the skin and smooth rough skin texture. It also contains natural oils and lipids that increase hydration and strengthen the skin barrier, improving overall skin health.

Apply to dry, clean skin and leave on for 1-3 hours. Use it 1-2 per week.

Is Clinical Active Peel System

Active Peel System by IS Clinical is a two-step treatment containing towelettes infused with AHAs and BHAs, such as glycolic, citric, and salicylic acids. It helps smooth uneven skin tone and texture.

Apply the first towelette on the face and neck and leave on for three minutes to activate controlled exfoliation. Apply the second towelette on the same area to nourish the skin with rich, hydrating botanicals. Use it every other evening.

Does a Chemical Peel Remove Acne Scars Permanently?

The results of a chemical peel depend on many factors, including the severity and type of acne scars, the patient’s skin type, lifestyle habits, breakout frequency, number of chemical peel sessions, etc. In some cases, chemical peels can significantly smooth the skin and make mild scars far less noticeable in the long term. However, deeper scars may only improve, rather than disappear completely and permanently. Also, new breakouts can cause new scarring.

How Many Chemical Peels Do You Need for Acne Scars?

The number of recommended chemical peel sessions depends on the acne scar type and severity and peel strength. Mild and shallow scars typically require four to six light peels or one to three medium peel treatments. Deep peels are more aggressive and produce noticeable results after a single session, but some patients may benefit from complementary procedures.

---

Note: For more solutions for acne scars, read our article and discover the best treatments for acne scars.

---

Conclusion

Chemical peels are among the best cosmetic treatments for atrophic acne scars. They help even out scar tissue and improve skin texture, providing a smooth, glowing complexion.

Weigh in the benefits and potential downsides of the procedure before you decide, and make sure you choose a reputable skin specialist for a safe cosmetic experience.

Next, find out how back chemical peels help treat bacne and acne scars on the back.